Kilby , Jack St. Clair

Kilby , Jack St. Clair
(1923–) American electronics engineer
The son of an electrical engineer from Jefferson City, Missouri, Kilby failed his entrance to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was drafted into the army, spending most of his time attempting to reduce the size of radio sets for jungle-warfare units. After demobilization, he was admitted to the University of Illinois. After graduating in 1947 he began work for Centralab, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, producing parts for television sets and hearing aids.
In 1952 Centralab decided to use the transistors recently developed by William Shockley and Kilby was sent to Bell Laboratories at Murray Hill, New Jersey, to learn about the new device. In 1958 he moved to Texas Instruments, Dallas, the firm that had had the foresight in 1954 to switch from germanium to silicon transistors. Engineers at TI, and elsewhere, had come up against the difficulty of fitting on a transistor the number of parts and connections demanded by their designs. It was here in July 1958, while the rest of the laboratory was on holiday, that Kilby came up with what was later termed ‘the Monolithic Idea’.
His basic intuition was that silicon alone could fill most electronic demands. Undoped, it was a resistor; as a p–n junction, a capacitor. It should be possible to build a whole circuit out of a single piece of material by using different doping levels; no connections would be called for. He built a test circuit and it worked. It was, in fact, the first integrated circuit. Kilby was awarded patent rights in 1967, having first fought off a challenge from Robert Noyce. On appeal the decision was reversed and, in 1968, the patent was awarded to Noyce.
Kilby also worked for Texas Instruments on the development of what was the first pocket calculator, the Pocketronic. It was launched on April 14 1971, weighed 2.5 pounds, cost £150, and could only perform the four main arithmetical functions. By this time Kilby had left TI in 1970 to work in Dallas as a self-employed inventor. He also served as a distinguished professor of electrical engineering at the University of Texas from 1978 to 1985.

Scientists. . 2011.

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  • Kilby, Jack St. Clair — ▪ 2006       American electronics engineer (b. Nov. 8, 1923, Jefferson City, Mo. d. June 20, 2005, Dallas, Texas), invented the integrated circuit (IC), which allowed the development of the personal computer and the cell phone and was also used… …   Universalium

  • Kilby, Jack (St. Clair) — born Nov. 8, 1923, Jefferson City, Mo., U.S. U.S. inventor. He studied at the University of Wisconsin. In 1958 he joined Texas Instruments; there he built the first integrated circuit, a device in which all of a circuit s components are… …   Universalium

  • Kilby, Jack (St. Clair) — (8 nov. 1923, Jefferson City, Mo., EE.UU.–20 jun. 2005, Dallas). Inventor estadounidense. Estudió en la Universidad de Wisconsin. En 1958 se unió a Texas Instruments; allí construyó el primer circuito integrado, un dispositivo en el cual todos… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Jack St. Clair Kilby — (* 8. November 1923 in Jefferson City, Missouri; † 20. Juni 2005 in Dallas, Texas) war ein US amerikanischer Ingenieur und Nobelpreisträger. Er gilt als Erfinder der integrierten Schaltung und wird als „Vater des Mikrochips“ bezeichnet.… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Jack St. Clair Kilby — Jack Kilby Jack St. Clair Kilby, (né le 8 novembre 1923 à Jefferson City, dans l État du Missouri et mort le 20 juin 2005, à Dallas au Texas), était un ingénieur électrique américain. Il est surtout connu pour l invention du… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Kilby, Jack — ▪ American engineer Introduction in full  Jack St. Clair Kilby  born November 8, 1923, Jefferson City, Missouri, U.S. died June 20, 2005, Dallas, Texas       American engineer and one of the inventors of the integrated circuit, a system of… …   Universalium

  • Jack S. Kilby — Jack St. Clair Kilby (* 8. November 1923 in Jefferson City, Missouri; † 20. Juni 2005 in Dallas, Texas) war ein US amerikanischer Ingenieur und Nobelpreisträger. Er gilt als Erfinder der integrierten Schaltung und wird als „Vater des Mikrochips“… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Physiknobelpreis 2000: Schores I. Alferow — Jack St. Clair Kilby — Herbert Kroemer —   Kilby legte mit dem integrierten Schaltkreis und Alferow und Kroemer mit dem Hetero Halbleiterlaser wichtige Grundlagen der heutigen Computer und Kommunikationstechnik, dafür erhielten sie den Nobelpreis.    Biografien   Schores I. Alferow, *… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Clair — Clair, René * * * (as used in expressions) Clair, René Kilby, Jack (St. Clair) Mitchell, Wesley C(lair) Saint Clair, lago …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Kilby — I Kilby,   Jack St. Clair, US amerikanischer Elektroingenieur, *Jefferson City (Missouri) 8. 11. 1923; Kilby erfand 1958 im Forschungslabor von Texas Instruments unabhängig von Robert Noyce den monolithischen integrierten Schaltkreis (IC, Chip),… …   Universal-Lexikon

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