Hadamard , Jacques Salomon

Hadamard , Jacques Salomon
(1865–1963) French mathematician
The son of a Latin teacher, Hadamard was born at Versailles in France and educated at the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris. He taught first at the University of Bordeaux from 1893 until 1897, before returning to Paris to the Sorbonne. In 1909 he took up the chair of mathematics at the Collège de France where he remained until his retirement in 1937.
In his long life Hadamard worked in many areas of mathematics, but remains best known for his proof in 1896 of the prime number theorem.
Mathematicians have long been interested in prime numbers. There is no simple formula for determining primes, but it is possible to say something about the distribution of prime numbers. If Pn is the nth prime number, π(n) is used to denote the number of primes between 1 and n. Both Gauss and Legendre used the formula π(n) = n/logen.
This does not work at small values of n but Gauss and Legendre suspected that the ratio of logen to π(n)/n would approach 1 as napproaches infinity. They were, however, unable to prove it. Hadamard and, independently, Charles de la Vallée-Poussin produced proofs in 1896 using the Riemann zeta function.

Scientists. . 2011.

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  • HADAMARD, JACQUES SALOMON — (1865–1963), French mathematician. Born in Versailles, Hadamard held chairs of mathematics at the Collège de France from 1897 and the Ecole Polytechnique from 1912 until his retirement in 1935. He was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Hadamard, Jacques-Salomon — ▪ French mathematician born December 8, 1865, Versailles, France died October 17, 1963, Paris  French mathematician who proved the prime number theorem, which states that as n approaches infinity, π(n) approaches n/ln n, where π(n) is the number… …   Universalium

  • Jacques Salomon Hadamard — (* 8. Dezember 1865 in Versailles; † 17. Oktober 1963 in Paris) war ein französischer Mathematiker. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Jacques-Salomon Hadamard — Jacques Hadamard Jacques Hadamard Jacques Salomon Hadamard Naissance 8 décembre 1865 Versailles (France) Décès 17& …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Hadamard — Jacques Salomon Hadamard Jacques Salomon Hadamard (* 8. Dezember 1865 in Versailles; † 17. Oktober 1963 in Paris) war ein französischer Mathematiker. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Hadamard — Jacques Hadamard Jacques Hadamard Jacques Salomon Hadamard Naissance 8 décembre 1865 Versailles (France) Décès 17& …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Jacques Hadamard — Jacques Salomon Hadamard Jacques Hadamard (Jacques Salomon Hadamard; * 8. Dezember 1865 in Versailles; † 17. Oktober 1963 in Paris) war ein französischer Mathematiker. Inhaltsverzeichnis …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Jacques Hadamard — Jacques Salomon Hadamard Naissance 8 décembre 1865 Versailles (France) Décès 17 octobre 1963 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Jacques Hadamard — Jacques Hadamard. Jacques Salomon Hadamard (Versalles, Francia, 8 de diciembre de 1865 París, 17 de octubre de 1963) fue un matemático francés, que trabajó en las universidades de Burdeos y en la Sorbona de París. Trató diversos tema …   Wikipedia Español

  • Hadamard —   [ada maːr], Jacques Salomon, französischer Mathematiker, * Versailles 8. 12. 1865, ✝ Paris 17. 10. 1963; Professor an der Sorbonne (1897 1909), dann am Collège de France (1909 37) sowie an der École polytechnique (1912 37) und an der École… …   Universal-Lexikon

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