Glaser , Donald Arthur

Glaser , Donald Arthur
(1926–) American physicist
Glaser was born in Cleveland, Ohio, and took his degree in physics and mathematics at the Case Institute of Technology there. After graduating in 1946, he went on to gain his doctorate for cosmic-ray research from the California Institute of Technology in 1950. From 1949 to 1959, Glaser worked in the physics department of the University of Michigan, becoming professor in 1957. In 1959 he moved to the University of California at Berkeley as a professor of physics and subsequently (1964) as a professor of physics and biology.
While at the University of Michigan, Glaser became interested in techniques for the visualization and recording of elementary particles. The Wilson cloud chamber, using supersaturated vapor, had been in use since the 1920s, but was unsuited to the detection of the highly energetic particles emerging from the new accelerators of the 1950s.
Glaser considered other unstable systems that could be used, and experimented with superheated liquids, in which ionizing particles would leave a trail of vapor bubbles. In 1952 he produced the first radiation-sensitive bubble chamber, in which he used diethyl ether under pressure and controlled temperature. A sudden brief reduction in pressure was used and trails of bubbles forming along the tracks of particles could be captured by high-speed photography before the bulk of the liquid boiled. For this invention, and its subsequent development into a useful research tool, Glaser received the 1960 Nobel Prize for physics.
The bubble chamber, using liquid hydrogen at low temperature, is now a basic component of almost all high-energy physics experiments, and has been the instrument of detection of many strange new particles and phenomena. Present-day bubble chambers are much bigger (and more expensive) than Glaser's original, which was only three cubic centimeters in volume. More recently, at the University of California at Berkeley, Glaser's interest has turned to methods of applying physics to molecular biology.

Scientists. . 2011.

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  • GLASER, DONALD ARTHUR — (1926– ), U.S. physicist and Nobel laureate. Glaser was born in Cleveland, Ohio, and received his B.Sc. in physics from the Case Institute of Technology (1946) and his Ph.D. in physics and mathematics from the California Institute of Technology… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Glaser, Donald Arthur — (b. 1926)    American physicist and Nobel laureate, 1960. As professor of nuclear physics at the University of Michigan, Glaser gained the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1960 for his work on bubble chambers for measuring the trajectories of nuclear… …   Who’s Who in Jewish History after the period of the Old Testament

  • Glaser, Donald (Arthur) — born Sept. 21, 1926, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S. U.S. physicist. He received his Ph.D. from the California Institute of Technology, then joined the faculty at the University of Michigan. There he developed the bubble chamber, an instrument that became… …   Universalium

  • Glaser, Donald (Arthur) — (n. 21 sep. 1926, Cleveland, Ohio, EE.UU.). Físico estadounidense. Recibió su Ph.D. del Instituto Tecnológico de California, incorporándose luego a la facultad de la Universidad de Michigan. Allí desarrolló la cámara de burbujas, instrumento cuyo …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Donald Arthur Glaser — Donald A. Glaser Donald Arthur Glaser (* 21. September 1926 in Cleveland, Ohio) ist ein US amerikanischer Physiker, Molekularbiologe, Neurobiologe und Nobelpreisträger. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Donald Arthur Glaser — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Donald A. Glaser Donald Arthur Glaser (21 de septiembre de 1926), es un físico y neurobiólogo estadounidense. Fue galardonado con el Premio Nobel de Física en 1960 por la invención de la …   Wikipedia Español

  • Donald Arthur Glaser — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Glaser. Donald Arthur Glaser Donald Arthur Glaser (21 septembre 1926 à Cleveland …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Donald Arthur Glaser — (21 de septiembre de 1926), es un físico y neurobiólogo estadounidense. Fue galardonado con el Premio Nobel de Física en 1960 por la invención de la cámara de burbujas …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Glaser, Donald A. — ▪ American physicist in full  Donald Arthur Glaser   born September 21, 1926, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.       American physicist and recipient of the 1960 Nobel Prize for Physics for his invention and development of the bubble chamber, a research… …   Universalium

  • Donald Arthur Glaser — noun United States physicist who invented the bubble chamber to study subatomic particles (born in 1926) • Syn: ↑Glaser, ↑Donald Glaser • Instance Hypernyms: ↑nuclear physicist …   Useful english dictionary

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