Dulbecco , Renato

Dulbecco , Renato
(1914–) Italian–American physician and molecular biologist
Born in Cantanzaro, Italy, Dulbecco obtained his MD from the University of Turin in 1936 and taught there until 1947 when he moved to America. He taught briefly at Indiana before moving to California in 1949, where he served as professor of biology (1952–63) at the California Institute of Technology. Dulbecco then joined the staff of the Salk Institute where, apart from the period 1971–74 at the Imperial Cancer Research Fund in London, he has remained.
Beginning in 1959 Dulbecco introduced the idea of cell transformation into biology. In this process special cells are mixed in vitro with such tumor-producing viruses as the polyoma and SV40 virus. With some cells a ‘productive infection’ results, where the virus multiplies unchecked in the cell and finally kills its host. However in other cells this unlimited multiplication does not occur and the virus instead induces changes similar to those in cancer cells; that is, the virus alters the cell so that it reproduces without restraint and does not respond to the presence of neighboring cells. A normal cell had in fact been transformed into a ‘cancer cell’ in vitro.
The significance of this work was to provide an experimental set-up where the processes by which a normal cell becomes cancerous can be studied in a relatively simplified form. It was for this work that Dulbecco was awarded the Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine in 1975, sharing it with Howard Teminand David Baltimore.
In March 1986 Dulbecco published a widely read paper inScience, entitled A Turning Point in Science, in which he argued that “if we wish to learn more about cancer, we must now concentrate on the cellular genome.” The paper appeared shortly after various groups of scientists had held a meeting at Sante Fe to discuss sequencing the entire human genome. Dulbecco's timely paper publicized the project, gave it some authority, and linked it with a practical purpose.

Scientists. . 2011.

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  • Dulbecco, Renato — born Feb. 22, 1914, Catanzaro, Italy Italian born U.S. virologist. He received his M.D. from the University of Turin in 1936 and immigrated to the U.S. in 1947. With Marguerite Vogt he pioneered the culturing of animal viruses and investigated… …   Universalium

  • Dulbecco, Renato — (1914– )    A virologist who won the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1975, Dulbecco was born in the Calabrian town of Catanzaro and brought up in Imperia in Liguria. He studied biology and medicine at the University of Turinand was called up to the… …   Historical Dictionary of modern Italy

  • Dulbecco, Renato — ► (n. 1914) Médico italiano. Fue premio Nobel de Medicina y Fisiología en 1975, compartido con D. Baltimore y H. M. Temin, por sus trabajos sobre virus del ARN (ácido ribonucleico) y el descubrimiento de la enzima transcriptasa inversa. * * * (n …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Dulbecco,Renato — Dul·bec·co (dŭl bĕkʹō), Renato. Born 1914. Italian born American virologist. He shared a 1975 Nobel Prize for research on the interaction of tumor viruses and genetic material. * * * …   Universalium

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  • Renato Dulbecco — Born February 22, 1914 (1914 02 22) (age 97) Catanzaro Nationality Italy, USA …   Wikipedia

  • Renato Dulbecco — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Renato Dulbecco Renato Dulbecco Nacimiento …   Wikipedia Español

  • Dulbecco — Renato Dulbecco 1966 Renato Dulbecco (* 22. Februar 1914 in Catanzaro, Italien) ist ein italienisch US amerikanischer Biologe. Dulbecco arbeitet am Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, Kalifornien. 1975 erhielt er zusammen mit …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium — Dulbecco s Modified Eagle Medium, kurz DMEM, ist ein standardisiertes Nährmedium für die Zellkultur mit breiter Verwendbarkeit für verschiedene tierische Zellen. Es ist eine Variante von Eagle s Minimum Essential Medium (EMEM), enthält aber mehr… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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