Dart , Raymond Arthur

Dart , Raymond Arthur
(1893–1988) Australian anatomist
Born in Toowong, Australia, Dart was educated at the universities of Queensland and Sydney where he qualified as a physician in 1917. After a short period (1919–22) at University College, London, Dart moved to South Africa to serve as professor of anatomy at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, a post he held until his retirement in 1958.
In 1924 Dart was privileged to make one of the great paleontological discoveries of the century, the Taung skull. For this he was indebted to his student Josephine Salmons who brought him in the summer of 1924 a fossil collected from a mine at Taung, Bechuanaland. Dart named it Australopithecus africanus, meaning southern African ape, and declared it to be intermediate between anthropoids and man. Such a claim was far from acceptable to many scholars at the time who, like Arthur Keith, dismissed the skull as that of a young anthropoid. Other and older australopithecine remains were later discovered by Robert Broom in South Africa, East Africa, and Asia, making it clear that they were in fact hominid. It is still however a matter of controversy whether Australopithecus lies in the direct line of descent to Homo sapiens or whether it represents a quite separate and unsuccessful evolutionary sideline.

Scientists. . 2011.

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  • Dart, Raymond Arthur — born Feb. 4, 1893, Toowong, Brisbane, Queen., Austl. died Nov. 22, 1988, Johannesburg, S.Af. Australian born South African physical anthropologist and paleontologist. In 1924, when Asia was still believed to have been the cradle of humankind,… …   Universalium

  • Dart, Raymond Arthur — (4 feb. 1893, Toowong, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia–22 nov. 1988, Johannesburgo, Sudáfrica). Antropólogo físico y paleontólogo sudafricano de origen australiano. En 1924, cuando aún se creía que Asia había sido la cuna de la humanidad,… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Dart, Raymond A. — ▪ Australian anthropologist in full  Raymond Arthur Dart  born February 4, 1893, Toowong, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia died November 22, 1988, Johannesburg, South Africa       Australian born South African physical anthropologist and… …   Universalium

  • Raymond — /ray meuhnd/, n. 1. Henry Jarvis /jahr vis/, 1820 69, U.S. publicist: founder of The New York Times. 2. a male given name: from Germanic words meaning counsel and protection. * * * (as used in expressions) Aron Raymond Claude Ferdinand Raymond… …   Universalium

  • Arthur — /ahr theuhr/, n. 1. Chester Alan, 1830 86, 21st president of the U.S. 1881 85. 2. legendary king in ancient Britain: leader of the Knights of the Round Table. 3. a male given name. * * * (as used in expressions) Port Arthur Adamov Arthur Arthur s …   Universalium

  • Arthur — (as used in expressions) Adamov, Arthur Arthur, Chester A(lan) Arthur, paso Ashe, Arthur (Robert), Jr. Baldwin, James (Arthur) Balfour (de Whittingehame), Arthur James, 1 conde Bell, (Arthur) Clive (Heward) Bliss, Sir Arthur (Edward Drummond)… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Raymond — (as used in expressions) Aron, Raymond (Claude Ferdinand) Chandler, Raymond (Thornton) Tyrus Raymond Cobb Dart, Raymond Arthur Flatt, Lester (Raymond) Hood, Raymond M(athewson) Kroc, Ray(mond Albert) Leavis, F(rank) R(aymond) Loewy, Raymond… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Raymond Dart — Raymond Arthur Dart est un anthropologue australien né le 4 février 1893 et mort le 22 novembre 1988. En 1924 en Afrique du Sud, il a découvert et décrit l « enfant de Taung », le premier fossile d Australopithèque. Sommaire 1 Parcours… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Raymond Dart — Raymond Arthur Dart (* 4. Februar 1893 in Toowong bei Brisbane, Australien; † 22. November 1988 in Johannesburg, Südafrika) war ein australischer Anatom und Paläoanthropologe. Bekanntheit erlangte er durch die Erstbeschreibung des „Kindes von… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Raymond Dart — Infobox Scientist |name =Raymond Dart box width = image width = caption =Raymond Dart with Taung skull birth date =February 4 1893 birth place = Toowong, Queensland death date =November 22 1988 death place = residence = citizenship = nationality …   Wikipedia

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