Charcot , Jean-Martin

Charcot , Jean-Martin
(1825–1893) French neurologist
Parisian-born Charcot studied medicine in his native city and received his MD in 1853. His interest in disease of the nervous system led to his appointment, in 1862, to the Salpêtrière Hospital for nervous and mental disorders. This marked the beginning of a long and distinguished association. Charcot described the pathological changes associated with several degenerative conditions of the nervous system, including the disintegration of ligaments and joint surfaces (known as Charcot's disease) that occurs in advanced stages of locomotor ataxia. His studies of brain damage in cases of speech loss (aphasia) and epilepsy supported the findings of his contemporary, Paul Broca, that is, different bodily functions are controlled by different regions of the cerebral cortex.
In 1872, Charcot was appointed professor of pathological anatomy at the faculty of medicine and later (1882) became professor of neurology at the Salpêtrière. He was increasingly concerned with the link between mind and body in cases of hysteria and trauma. With his eloquent manner and a dramatic presentation of his lectures on a small stage, he became a widely celebrated teacher. Among many famous students was Sigmund Freud, who was influenced by Charcot's use of hypnosis on patients.
Charcot's son, Jean, became a famous polar explorer.

Scientists. . 2011.

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  • CHARCOT Jean Martin — (1825 1893) (retrato) [véase http://www.iqb.es/diccio/c/ce.htm#charcotjm]: médico francés que alcanzó celebridad por sus estudios sobre la histeria y otras enfermedades neurológicas biografía [véase… …   Diccionario médico

  • Charcot,Jean Martin — Charcot, Jean Martin. 1825 1893. French neurologist known for his research into diseases of the nervous system. Sigmund Freud was one of his pupils. * * * …   Universalium

  • Charcot, Jean-Martin — (1825 1893)    physician, neurologist    Jean Martin Charcot was born and educated in Paris, where he later taught as a professor of anatomical pathology at the Salpetrière. There, where his most famous pupil would be Sigmund Freud, he opened… …   France. A reference guide from Renaissance to the Present

  • Charcot, Jean-Martin — born Nov. 29, 1825, Paris, Fr. died Aug. 16, 1893, Morvan French medical teacher and clinician. With Guillaume Duchenne (b. 1806 d. 1875) he is considered the founder of modern neurology. In 1882 he opened Europe s greatest neurological clinic of …   Universalium

  • Charcot, Jean-Martin —    (1825–1893)    Often incorrectly identified as a psychiatrist, Charcot was an internist and neurologist whose contributions to psychiatry were largely limited to his doctrine of hysteria. Born in Paris into the family of a wagonmaker, Charcot… …   Historical dictionary of Psychiatry

  • Charcot, Jean-Martin — (29 nov. 1825, París, Francia–16 ago. 1893, Morvan). Profesor de medicina y clínico francés. Se le considera, junto con Guillaume Duchenne (1806–1875), el fundador de la neurología moderna. En 1882 inauguró la mayor clínica neurológica de Europa… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Charcot, Jean Martin — ► (1825 93) Médico francés. Considerado el fundador de la moderna neuropatología …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • CHARCOT, JEAN MARTIN —    a French pathologist; made a special study of nervous diseases, including hypnotism, and was eminent for his works in connection therewith (1823 1893) …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

  • Jean-Martin Charcot — Born 29 November 1825(1825 11 29) Paris, France …   Wikipedia

  • Jean Martin Charcot — (* 29. November 1825 in Paris; † 16. August 1893 in Morvan) war ein französischer Neurologe. Er war zusammen mit Guillaume Benjamin Duchenne der Begründer der modernen Neurologie. Er war der Vater des Polarforschers Jean Baptiste Charcot. Nach… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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