Stefan , Josef

Stefan , Josef
(1835–1893) Austrian physicist
Stefan was educated in his native Klagenfurt and at the University of Vienna. In 1863 he became professor of mathematics and physics at Vienna University and remained there for the rest of his life.
Stefan's wide-ranging work included investigations into electromagnetic induction, thermomagnetic effects, optical interference, thermal conductivity, diffusion, capillarity, and the kinetic theory of gases. However, he is best remembered for his work on heat radiation in 1879. After examining the heat losses from platinum wire he concluded that the rate of loss was proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature; i.e., rate of loss = σT4. In 1884 one of his students, Ludwig Boltzmann, showed that this law was exact only for black bodies (ones that radiate all wavelengths) and could be deduced from theoretical principles. The law is now known as the Stefan–Boltzmann law; the constant of proportionality, σ, as Stefan's constant.
Stefan was a good experimental physicist and a well-liked teacher. During his lifetime he held various important positions, including Rector Magnificus of the University (1876) and secretary (1875) then vice-president (1885) of the Vienna Academy of Sciences.

Scientists. . 2011.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • STEFAN (JOSEF) — STEFAN JOSEF (1835 1893) Physicien autrichien né à Sankt Peter près de Klagenfurt et mort à Vienne. Les travaux originaux de Josef Stefan, intéressant des domaines importants de la physique, comprennent la théorie cinétique des gaz,… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Stefan, Josef — ▪ Austrian physicist born March 24, 1835, St. Peter, Austria died Jan. 7, 1893, Vienna       Austrian physicist who in 1879 formulated a law which states that the radiant energy of a blackbody a theoretical object that absorbs all radiation that… …   Universalium

  • Stefan, Josef — ► (1835 93) Físico austríaco. Enunció una ley sobre la dependencia entre la radiación y la temperatura, demostrada después por Boltzmann. (V. Stefan Boltzmann.) …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Stefan — Josef …   Scientists

  • Josef Stefan — Gedenktafel für Josef Stefan am Geburtshaus in der Ebentalerstraße 88 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Josef Stefan — Josef Stefan. Josef Stefan (en esloveno Jožef Stefan) (24 de marzo de 1835 – 7 de enero de 1893) fue un físico, matemático y poeta, esloveno austríaco …   Wikipedia Español

  • Stefan — Stefan, Josef * * * (as used in expressions) Stefan Batory George, Stefan Lochner, Stefan Wyszynski, Stefan Zweig, Stefan …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Stefan — (Josef) (1835 1893) physicien autrichien: travaux sur le rayonnement …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Stefan-Boltzmann-Konstante — Das Stefan Boltzmann Gesetz ist ein physikalisches Gesetz, das die von einem schwarzen Körper thermisch abgestrahlte Leistung in Abhängigkeit von seiner Temperatur angibt. Es ist benannt nach den Physikern Josef Stefan und Ludwig Boltzmann.… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Stefan-Maxwell-Diffusion — Als Maxwell Stefan Diffusion (auch Stefan Maxwell Diffusion) wird ein Modell zur Beschreibung der Diffusion in Multikomponentensystemen bezeichnet. Die Gleichungen, die diese Transportvorgänge beschreiben, wurden von James Clerk Maxwell[1] für… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”